報告書番号

Y10028

タイトル（和文）

地方自治体における低炭素政策の実効性と波及性－地球温暖化対策事業所計画書制度を対象として－

タイトル（英文）

A Potential Effectiveness and Diffusion of Low Carbon Policy in Local Governments - A Case of Reporting System for Business and Industrial Sector -

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

一定規模以上の事業所に対して温室効果ガス削減計画書と報告書の提出を義務付ける「地球温暖化対策事業所計画書制度」は，多くの地方自治体で導入されつつあるが，その内容はさまざまである．本報告では，当該制度を規定している自治体条例などの文献調査，政策担当者への質問紙調査等で収集された情報やデータを，行政法学的視点や政策過程論的視点より分析した．得られた知見は以下のとおりである．第1に，2009年12月時点で当該制度を導入していた都以外の31団体の制度は，3段階で改変してきた都制度の第1，2段階の途上にあり，実効性確保措置が厳しくないか，行政の人的資源をより必要としないものとなっている．第2に，制度の参照元や，導入プロセスにおいて影響を及ぼしたアクター，CO2排出量の産業部門構成比の3つが，制度設計と運用に影響を及ぼす要因として挙げられる．第3に，約半数の自治体は総量削減義務の導入を現時点では考えておらず，現状では総量削減義務の導入が急速に広まることはないと考えられる．

概要 （英文）

Many local governments have introduced reporting systems which oblige the larger scale of factories and offices to submit their plans and reports on mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. It is essential for industries especially having some branch offices and factories in various regions to understand the trends how potentially effective (to what extent legally binding) system has been introduced in each local government. This paper clarifies a relationship between potential effectiveness and diffusion of the system which is conducive to policy formulation of climate change, and derives the future of the policy. A literature survey on ordinances which defines the system, interviews and questionnaire to the officials in local governments which have introduced the system indicates the followings.
1) Issuing the system by Tokyo Metropolitan Government (TMG) deserves a kind of policy innovation. TMG revised it twice and finally introduced reduction obligation at the third stage. Many local governments localize it but they are watered-down and equivalent to the first or second stage of the TMG system.
2) There are three major factors which affect to the system design and operation; the reference point (TMG system or not), the actors who affect to the introduction process, and industrial sector's component ratio of CO2 emission.
3) Many local governments do not have a prospect on introducing a reduction obligation and are in a wait-and-see attitude to wide-range unity and similar local governments.

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