報告書番号

Y08023

タイトル（和文）

温暖化防止技術の国際技術移転－中国への技術移転の事例分析を通じて－

タイトル（英文）

Technology transfer of climate mitigation technologies - Analysis of cases of transfer to China -

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

製造業の国際分業という視点を踏まえつつ、中国への技術移転事例を分析した。8件の最近の事例（①超臨界圧石炭火力発電、②天然ガスコンバインドサイクル発電、③太陽光発電、④風力発電、⑤排煙脱硫装置、⑥産業部門の排熱回収技術、⑦高効率ルームエアコン、⑧コンパクト型蛍光灯）を、「A. 技術普及」と「B. 中国における国産化」という2つの視点から分析し、国際分業の中で中国における国産化が進み、国産化による製造コストの削減で技術普及が加速しているという視点を明らかにした。

概要 （英文）

This report aims to analyze cases of technology transfer to China, in order to provide insights for international negotiations on climate change where technology transfer is treated as one of the major pillars of a future agreement. Currently, the negotiations are sharply polarized; developing countries request loose protection of intellectual property rights (IPRs) and large-scale public funding for technology transfer and developed countries are hesitant or oppose to these requests. The requests are rooted in dependence theory in 1970s which argues that technological independence from developed countries is essential for economic development of developing countries, while such structural dependence has been changed by newly industrialized economies in 1980s and globalization since 1990s. To examine present structure of technology transfer, this report analyzes eight cases of energy and environmental technology transfer to China, namely supercritical coal power generation, natural gas combined-cycle generation, wind power, photovoltaic, flue gas desulphurization, industrial waste heat recovery, energy-efficient room air conditioners, and compact fluorescent lamps. These cases show that production of these technologies has been rapidly localized through international specialization of manufacturing industries and the localization dramatically reduces the production cost and boosts their diffusion both in China and in other emerging economies. Even without loose IPRs and large-scale funding, technology transfer, both in terms of localization of production and diffusion, occurs as a result of international specialization.

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