報告書番号

V05022

タイトル（和文）

微量物質の健康リスクに関する文献調査

タイトル（英文）

Literature survey on health risk of the trace elements

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

石炭火力発電所から排出される微量物質のうち、PRTR法対象15物質について健康リスク情報を調査した。吸入暴露での発がん性は15物質中8物質、非発がん毒性は12物質に、経口での発がん性は9物質、非発がん性は15物質に認められた。有害性の種類は物質により異なっていた。各物質について、発がん能を示す吸入ユニットリスク（UR）と経口スロープファクター（SF）、非発がん毒性の閾値を示す吸入参照濃度（RfC）と経口参照用量（RfD）を調べた。リスクが大きい物質は、吸入発がん性はCr、As、Cd、吸入非発がん毒性はCr、Be、Cd、As、経口発がん性はBe、Ni、As、経口非発がん毒性はHg、As、Sb、Cdなどであった。健康リスク値は、同一物質でも化学形態により値が異なるため、火力発電所排出物質の健康リスク評価に際しては、物質の化学形態ごとの評価が重要である。

概要 （英文）

A literature survey was conducted on the health risk information of the 15 trace elements emitted from coal-fired power plants. These elements were arsenic (As), boron (B), beryllium (Be), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), fluoride (F), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and vanadium (V). They are covered under the Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (PRTR) law in Japan. The survey revealed that 8 elements had potency to be carcinogenic for inhalation exposure and 12 elements showed non-carcinogenic toxicity. Nine elements out of the 15 bore carcinogenicity to human when they were orally exposed. All 15 elements contained wide variety of non-carcinogenic toxicities for oral exposure. For each element, inhalation unit risk (UR) indicating cancer potency to human and inhalation reference concentration (RfC) representing the threshold value of inhalation toxicity, were summarized in a table. Oral slop factor (SF) represents carcinogenicity value for human and oral reference dose (RfD) indicates the threshold value of an oral toxicity. They were also listed together. As a definition, element with a large inhalation UR or a large oral SF, as well as a small inhalation RfC or a small oral RfD has greater health risk. Elements with great inhalation exposure risk for carcinogenicity among the 15 of those were Cr, As, Cd, and Be. Cr, Be, Cd, As, Hg, Mn, and Ni contained high non-carcinogenic toxicity for inhalation exposure. Elements with great oral exposure risk were Be, Ni, and As for carcinogenicity. Hg, As, Sb, and Cd showed relatively great non-carcinogenic toxicity for oral exposure. These risk values differed with the element’s chemical form. When the health risk assessment is conducted, the chemical form of elements should be considered.

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