報告書番号

U94025

タイトル（和文）

人工酸性雨・酸性ミストが植物の可視害発現及び生育におよぼす影響

タイトル（英文）

EFFECTS OF SIMULATED ACID RAIN AND ACID MISTON DEVELOPMENT OF VISIBLE INJURY AND PLANT GROWTH

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

人工酸性雨およびミストをエンドウ，シソ，カブ，ダイズ，シロクローバー，アルファルファ，ペレニアルライグラス，ケンタッキーブルーグラス，ウメおよびヤマザクラに暴露して，可視害発現と生育におよぼす影響を調査した。ペレニアルライグラスとケンタッキーブルーグラスではｐＨ２．５で，その他の植物ではｐＨ３．０以下の雨およびミストの暴露により，葉面に壊死斑の発現が観察され，ウメとヤマザクラではｐＨ２．５で落葉が観察された。カブの植物体乾物重は人工酸性雨とヤマザクラではｐＨ２．５で落葉が観察された。カブの植物体乾物重は人工酸性雨および酸性ミストの暴露により低下したが，他の植物では，ダイズを除いて，雨とミストのｐＨ２．５あるいは３．０において植物体乾物重が増加する傾向が認められた。供試したすべての植物において，ｐＨ２．５あるいは３．０における可視害の発現日は，雨よりもミストの方が早かった。しかしながら，いず

概要 （英文）

ACID PRECIPITATION IS DEFINED IS DEFINED AS ACID RAIN,ACID MIST OR OTHER FORMS OF PRECIPITATION,IT HAS BEEN SUGGESTED THAT THE EFFECTS OF ACID MIST ON PLANTS IS SEVERER THAN THAT OF ACIDRAIN.HOWEVER,THERE ARE VERY FEW REPORTS COMPARING THE EFFECTS OF ACID MIST WITH THOSE OF ACID RAIN.PEA,PERILLA,TURNIP,SOYBEAN,WHITE CLOVER,LUCERME,PERENNIAL RYERASS,KENTUCKY BLUE GRASS,MUME AND HILL CHERRY WERE EXPOSED TO SIMULATED SCID RAIN (SAR)AND ACID MIST(SAM)OF PH5.6(CONTROL),4.0,3.0 AND 2.5 AT AVERAGE RATES OF 2.5 MM/H FOR 9 H/DAY AND 3 DAYS/WEEK,TO EVALUATE THE IMPACTS OF THESE TWO TYPES OF SIMULATED ACID PRECIPITATION ON PLANTS. IN PERENNIAL RYEGRASS AND KENTUCKY BLUE GRASS,NECROTICSYMPTOMS WERE OBSERVED AT EXPOSURE TO SAR AND SAM AT PH2.5.OTHER PLANTS SHOWED NECROTIC SYMPTOMS AT PH3.0 AND BELOW.IN MUME AND HILL CHERRY,LOSS OF TISSUES IN LEAVES AS NECROTIC WAS ABSEVED AT EXPOSURE TO SAR ANDSAM AT PH2.5.EXPOSURE TO SAM AT PH2.5 INDUCED EARLIER VISIBLE INLURY THAN SAR IN ALL TREATMENTS.HOWEVER NO VISIBLE INJURY WAS OBSERVED AT PH4.0. THE DRY WEIGHT OF TURNIP WAS DECREASED BY EXPOSURE TO SAR AT PH3.0 AND SAM AT PH3.0 OR BELOW.HOWEVER,THE TOTAL DRY WEIGHT OF OTHER HERBACEOUS PLANTS WAS NOT AFFECTED BY ANY TREATMENT.IN MUME AND HILL CHERRY,INADDITION TO THE VISIBLE INJURY,DEFOLIATION WAS STIMULATED BY EXPOSURE TO SAR AND SAM AT PH2.5. THESE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT UISIBLE INJURY CAUSED BY SAM IS SEVERER THAN THAT CAUSED BY SAR.CURRENT EXPERIMENT SUGGESTED THAT THE MOST SENSITIVE PLANT TO ACID PRECIPITATION IS TURNIP WHICH CAULBBE A INDICATOR FOR ACIT RAIN AND ACID MIST.HOWEVER,BASED ON OUR RESULTS,CURRENT PH LEVELS OF AMBIENT PRECIPITATION SHOULD NOT HAVE ANY ADVERSE IMPACT PLANTS.

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