報告書番号

U94004

タイトル（和文）

水耕栽培における廃棄物利用技術の開発（１）もみがらくん炭の培地としての特徴と野菜の生育

タイトル（英文）

DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROPONIC SYSTEM USING AGRICULTURAL WASTE (1) CHARACTERISTICS OF RICE-HUSK CHARCOAL AS GROWTH MEDIUM AND VEGETABLE GROWTH

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

もみがらくん炭を水耕栽培用培地として利用するために，くん炭培地の保水性や培養液中の無機成分に及ぼす影響，野菜の生育に関して検討し以下の結果を得た。（１）粒径１ｍｍ以上のくん炭培地は吸水面から６ｃｍ以上の高さでは，水よりも空気の割合が大きく通気性が良好であったが，粒径１ｍｍ未満の培地は吸水面から１５ｃｍの高さまでは空気の割合が少なく通気性が悪かった。（２）培養液中の無機成分のうち，リン酸イオン，マンガン，カルシウムが減少しくん炭に吸着され，塩素イオン，カリウム，鉄が増加しくん炭から溶出した。硝酸イオン，マグネシウムなどはくん炭による吸着，溶出は認められなかった。（３）培養液を連続吸液しながら粒液１ｍｍ以上のくん炭培地で栽培したホウレンソウ，サラダナは，粒径１ｍｍ未満の培地で栽培したものに比べ生育が良かったが，ラディッシュでは生育に差はなかった。連続吸液の場合，粒径１ｍｍ未満の培地では

概要 （英文）

FARMING IN JAPAN RELIES ON FOSSIL-FUEL RESOURCES AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES AND AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL RESIDUES ARE ONECAUSE OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION. AGRICULTURE IN THE NEXT CENTURY MUSTBE EFFICIENT,ENERGY SAVING AND POLLUTION FUEL. SOME AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE COULD BE USED AS ENERGY SOURCES OR AGRICULTURAL MATERIALS. DEVELOPING TECHNOLOGIES TO USE THESE RESOURCES WILL SAVE ENERGY ANDPROMOTE REGIONAL AGRICULTURE. HYDROPONICS USES POLYURETHANE MADE FROM OIL TO GROW PLANTS. WE RESEARCHED THE WATER RETENTION CAPACITY OF RICE-HUSK CHARCOAL (RC) AND THE CHANGES-IN INORGANIC COMPONENTS IN NUTRIENT SOLUTION AFTER PLACING RC IN IT. WE CULTIVATED SPINACH,BUTTERHEAD LETTUCE AND RADISH WITH RC,AND ASSESSED THE GROWTH TO EXAMINE WHETHER RC CANBE USED INSTEAD OF POLYURETHANE. THE RESULTS ARE AS FOLLOWS: (1)THE AIR PERMEABILITY AND WATER RETENTION CAPACITY OF RC VARIED WITH PARTICLE SIZE. RC HAS GOOD AIR PERMEABILITY WHEN PARTICLES IS LARGER THAN 1MM. THE GASEOUS PHASE IN RC 6CM ABOVE THE WATER SURFACE WAS HIGHER THAN THE LIQUID PHASE. CONVERSELY,WHEN PARTICLES WERE SMALLER THAN 1MM,THE RC HAD A HIGH WATER RETENTION CAPACITY AND THE GASEOUS PHASE WAS LESS THAN THE LIQUID PHASE UP TO 15CM ABOVE THE WATER SURFACE. (2)AFTER IMMERSING 10G OF RC IN 300ML OF NUTRIENT SOLUTION,THE PO4-,MN AND CA IN THE NUTRIENT SOLUTION WERE ADSORBED BY THE RC AND THE CONCENTRATIONS DECREASED BY 35%,35% AND 10%,RESPECTIVELY. CONVERSELY,THE CL-,NA AND FE IN THE RC WERE ELUTED AND THIER CONCENTRATIONS IN THE NUTRIENT SOLUTION INCREASEDBY 80%,80% AND 30%,RESPECTIVELY. (3)WHEN THE NUTRIENT SOLUTION WAS SUPPLIED TO RC CONTINUOUSLY,THE GROWTHS OF SPINACH AND BUTTERHEAD LETTUCE CULTIVATED IN RC WITH A PARTICLE SIZE LARGER THAN 1MM WERE BETTER THAN THOSE IN RC SMALLER THAN 1MM. THE GROWTH OF RADISH WAS NOT INFLUENCED BY THE PARTICLE SIZE OF RC. THE DECREASED GROWTHS ARE THOUGHT TO BE CAUSED BY THE LOWER AIR PERMEABILITY OF RC SMALLER THAN 1MM.

報告者

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