報告書番号

U93014

タイトル（和文）

野菜工場の実用化（３）－野菜の栽培方法と実用設備の構造－

タイトル（英文）

DEVELOPMENT OF VEGETABLE FACTORY FOR COMMERCIAL USE(3)VEGETABLE CULTIVATION AND PRACTICAL SYSTEM

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

野菜工場の実用化を図るために，試験設備を用いて，野菜の栽培方法，作業労力，生産性などに関する検討を行い，以下の知見を得た。（１）播種，育苗，移動，スペーシング，収穫，出荷，栽培管理などの作業手順を確立し，野菜を安定生産するためのマニュアルを作成した。（２）野菜生産に要する作業時間は，ホウレンソウでは２名の作業員の１日の合計時間が１２時間５０分であり，サラダナでは１０時間であった。作業の中では，播種と出荷調整が作業時間全体の６０％を占めた。（３）ホウレソウとサラダナを１年間連続生産し，経済収支を求めた結果，試験設備による野菜生産は経済性があると判断された。（４）野菜生産の一層の省力化を図り，地域適用を推進するために，播種機，催芽箱，収穫架台などの装置の改良と開発を行い，これらを組み合わせて，野菜生産を効率的に行える省力型の設備構造を得た。さらに，気象条件や農業経営別の設備メニューを作成した。

概要 （英文）

A VEGETABLE FACTORY USING OFF-PEAK ELECTRICITY FOR AIR CONDITIONING AND SUPPLEMENTED ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING FOR VEGETABLE GROWTH HAS BEEN DEVELOPED TO ACHIEVE LEVEL ELECTRICITY DEMAND,AND CHEMICAL-FREE AND LABOR-SAVING VEGETABLE PRODUCTION. THE EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM HAS A FLOOR AREA OF 340 SQUARE M AND A CULTIVATION AREA OF 216 SQUARE M .THE SYSTEM USES A NEW HYDROPONIC SYSTEM BY NFT AND A NEW AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM USING OFF-PEAK ELECTRICITY.CULTIVATION METHODS,LABOR FOR VEGETABLE PRODUCTION,AND PRODUCTIVITY WERE EXAMINED. THE RESULTS AREAS FOLLOWS: (1)CULTIVATION OF SPINACH,LEAF LETTUCE,RADISH,FREEN SOYBEANS AND KIDNEY BEANS WAS ESTABLISHED FOR THE NFT SYSTEM.MANUALS TO OPERATE THE FACILITIES AND PRODUCE VEGETABLES STEADILY WERE PREPARED FOR PRACTICAL USE. (2)ALL THE EQUIPMENT IN THIS VEGETABLE FACTORY NEEDED 11,500KWH OF ELECTRICITY PER MONTH.THE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM CONSUMED 6100KWH OF ELECTRICITY PER MONTH,AND ABOUT HALF WAS SUPPLIED BY OFF-PEAK ELECTRICITY FOR THE HEAT-PUMP TO COOL THE INSIDE AIR IN SUMMER. (3)THE TOTAL LABOR FOR TWO PERSON WAS 12 HOURS AND 50 MINUTES PER DAY FOR SPINACH AND 10 HOURS PER DAY FOR LEAF LETTUCE.SEEDING AND SHIPPING TIME OCCUPIED 60% OF THE WHOLE LABOR TIME. (4)THE AVERAGE PRODUCTION OF SPINACH AND LEAF LETTUCE WAS ABOUT 56 KG/DAY AND 63 KG/DAY,RESPECTIVELY.THE ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF THEVEGETABLE FACTORY WAS VERIFIED BY THE AMOUNT OF PRODUCTION,SELLING PRICE AND PRODUCTION EXPENSES (5)TO SAVE LABOR A SEEDING MACHINE,HARVESTING STAND AND GERMINATING SYSTEM WERE DEVELOPED FORTHE NFT SYSTEM.USING THE NEWLY-DEVELOPING LABOR-SAVING EQUIPMENT,THE LABOR WAS CUT TO ABOUT 70% OF THE EARLIER RESULTS.A PRACTICAL VEGETABLE FACTORY PROVIDEING EFFICIENT AND COMFORTABLE WORKING CONDITIONS FROM SEEDING TO HARVESTING HAS BEEN DESIGNED ON THE BASIS OF THESE DEVELOPMENTS.

報告者

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