報告書番号

U89041

タイトル（和文）

組織培養による種苗大量増殖技術の開発（１）－イチゴカルスの形式と再分化におよぼす植物ホルモンの影響－

タイトル（英文）

DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY FOR PLANTLET PROPAGATION BY TISSUE CULTURE (1) -EFFECT OF PLANT HOEMONES ON STRAWBERRY CALUSFORMATION AND REGENERATION-

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

種苗大量生産技術にカルス経由の増殖法を取り入れて培養効率を高めるため，イチゴ生長点から液体培地中で一様に分散し，個体への分離が容易なほぐれやすいカルスの形成を誘導する植物ホルモンの種類（オーキシン類に２，４－ジクロロフェノキシ酢酸（２，４－Ｄ）他二種類，サイトカイニン類にカイネチン（ＫＩＮ）他二種類）と濃度（各々０－５ｐｐｍの濃度で組み合わせて施用），およびこれらのカルスからの植物体の再生率，その植物体の形態変異について検討した。その結果，サイトカイニン類の濃度が０．２ｐｐｍ付近でほぐれやすいカルスが形成され，オーキシン類の濃度が０．５－２ｐｐｍで最大のカルスの増殖率を得た。さらに，オーキシン類の濃度が高い培地で形成されたカルスは再分化率が低く，再分化個体の形態的な変異も多かった。これらのことより，目的のカルスは，サイトカイニンにＫＩＮ０．１－０．５ｐｐｍ，オーキシンに２，４－Ｄ０．１－

概要 （英文）

THE STRAWBERRY IS A POPULAR AND IMPORTANT HORTICULTURAL FOUIT IN JAPAN. IT WAS REPORTED ABOUT 20 YEARS AGO THAT STREWBERRY VIRUS DISSEASES WOULD REDUCE FRUIT PRODUCTION. AS A RESULT,MERISTEM CULTURE WAS DEVELOPED TO OBTAIN VIRUS-FREE SEEDLINGS. HOWEVER,PROFESSIONAL TECHNIQUES AND SPECIAL INSTRUMENTS ARE NECESSARY TO PROVIDE VIRUS-FREE PLANTS BECAUSE CULTIVATION HAS TO BE UNDER STERILE CONDITIONS TO PREVENT VIRUS INFECTION. MASS PROPAGATION THROUGH CALLUS CULTURE ANDLIQUID-CULTURE TECHNIQUES WILL SUPPLY SEEDLINGS MORE REQULARBY,SUFFICIENTLY AND ECONOMICALLY THROUGHOUT THE YEAR. IN THIS STUDY,TO MASS-PROPAGATE STRAWBERRY SEEDLINGS VIA CALLUS LIQUID CULTURE,WE INVESTIGATED THEEFFECT OF PLANT HORMONES ON CALLUS FORMATION BY FRIABILITY GROWING RATIO,AND REGENERATION RATIO. WE ALSO CHECKED THE FREQUENCY OF MORPHOLOGICAL MUTATIONS OF REGENERATED PLANTLETS. AUXINS : 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXY ACETIC ACID (2,4-D),3-INDOLE ACETIC ACID (IAA),AND NAPHTHALENE ACETIC ACID(NAA),AND CYTOKININS;KINETIN (KIN),6-BENZYL AMINOPURIN (BA),AND T-ZEATIN (ZEA),WERE USED. THESE HORMONES WERE TESTED IN SERIAL CONCENTRATIONSBETWEEN 0 TO 5 PPM AND IN COMBINATIONS OF EACH AUXIN AND CYTOKININ. THIS RESULTS INDICATED THAT AUXINS WERE INDISPENSABLE FOR CALLUS FORMATION,BUT DID NOT AFFECT CALLUS FRIABILITY. CYTOKININS ACCELERATED THE GROWTH RATE AND ALSO AFFECTED FRIABLE CALLUS FORMATION. AMONG THE CYTOKININS,KIN GAVE THE HIGHEST GROWTH RATE AND THE LARGEST FRIABLE RATIO AROUND0.2 PPM. AMONG THE AUXINS,2,4-D AND NAA WERE BETTER AT FORMING AND GROWING CALLUSES AT 0.1 TO 1 PPM. WHEN CALLUSES WERE TRANSFERRED ONTO THE MEDIUM FOR REGENERATION (BA 2 PPM,IAA0.2 PPM),A HIGH REGENERATION RATIOWAS OBTAINED WITH LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF AUXINS,ESPECIALLY 2,4-D IT WASCONCLUDED THAT THE OPTIMIMUM CONDITION FOR CALLUS FORMATION WAS KIN 0.1-0.5 PPM AND 2,4-D 0.1 1 PPM. HOWEVER,CALLUSES INDUCED BY HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF AUXINS,ESPECIALLY 2,4-D. SHOWED A HIGH FREQUENCY OF MUTATION. FURTHER RESEARCH IS NOW IN PRO

報告者

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