報告書番号

U02010

タイトル（和文）

生物廃棄物の有効利用技術の開発(その1) --木炭による温室効果ガス、栄養塩類などの吸着--

タイトル（英文）

Development of advanced utilization technologies for organic waste(Part1)-Greenhouse gas and nutrient salt adsorption properties of wood-based charcoal-

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

木質廃棄物による環境浄化資材を開発するため，廃材炭による温室効果ガス(メタン，亜酸化窒素)，ならびに海水中の栄養塩(窒素，リン)，黄色物質の除去効果をスギ黒炭，ウバメカシ白炭，活性炭との比較により明らかにした。メタン，亜酸化窒素（各30ppm）と木炭を60分間接触させた結果，廃材炭はメタン，亜酸化窒素をそれぞれ4.7×10-4mg/gと15.5×10-4mg/g 吸着し，活性炭とほぼ同じ除去量であった。また，廃材炭は，活性炭が機能しない海水中のアンモニア態窒素の除去に有効であった。黄色物質では，廃材炭の添加量を2g/100mLから15g/100mLにすると，除去率が10％から20％に高まった。以上のことから，廃材炭は環境浄化資材としての除去能力を有すると考えた。今後は，廃材炭を高い浄化能力が長期間持続する資材とするために，汚染物質を分解除去する微生物を廃材炭に組み込む技術を開発する。

概要 （英文）

The gaseous and water-soluble pollutants adsorption properties of three types of wood-based charcoal and activated carbon were investigated to develop materials for environmental purification. Methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) were chosen as the gaseous pollutants. The nutrient salts (NH4-N, NO3-N, PO4-P) in seawater and yellow substance such as Humate in culture-seawater were also chosen as the soluble pollutants. Three types of charcoal were sugi charcoal (Crypemeria japonica), ubamegashi charcoal (Quercus phillyraeoides) and wastewood charcoal (dam driftwood). When each charcoals was exposed to 30ppm CH4 and N2O for 60 minutes, the amount of CH4 adsorption of the wastewood charcoal was 4.8×10-4 mg/g. The CH4 adsorption of wastewood charcoal was the same of activated carbon. The amount of N2O adsorption of wastewood charcoal was 15.5×10-4 mg/g. The N2O adsorption of wastewood charcoal was also same of activated carbon. NH4-N (6mg-N/L), NO3-N (100mg-N/L) or PO4-P (10mg-P/L) was dissolved in seawater. The 100mL seawater, which was added 5g of charcoals, was shaked for 24 hours. The NH4-N concentration was decreased 20% when wood charcoal, sugi-charcoal or ubamegashi-charcoal was added. The NO3-N concentration was decreased 20% when activated charcoal was added. The PO4-P concentartion was decreased 80% when ubamegashi-charcoal was added. The yellow substance in culture-seawater was removed by all of the charcoal and activated carbon. As the weight of wastewood charcoal added to culture-seawater was increased from 2g/100mL to 5g/100mL, the removal rate of the yellow substance improved from 10% to 20%. These results suggested that wastewood charcoal had the capabilities to clarify the pollutants such as the nutrient salts and yellow substance in seawater, and greenhouse gases. Therefore, it’s the future theme that development of the environmental clarification material combined with microbes, which have the decomposition capability of pollutants for improving the clarification capabilities.

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