報告書番号

T90005

タイトル（和文）

系統シミュレータによる電圧不安定現象の基礎的解明

タイトル（英文）

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF VOLTAGE INSTABILITY BYPOWER SYSTEM SIMULATOR

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

最近，電力系統の電圧不安定現象が広く注目を集めており，この種の事故の再発防止のための諸対策が提案されている。電圧不安定現象のように，今まで良く知られていなかった新しい現象に関しては，単に机上の検討や計算機上のシミュレーションのみによっては，広く共通の認識として理解され難い面がある。このため，本報告は，当所の電力系統シミュレータを用い，実現象に極めて近い形で電圧不安定現象そのものの確認と各種解析手法の検証を行い，調相設備やＳＶＣの安定化効果，タップロックや負荷制御など諸対策の効果を例証したものである。

概要 （英文）

IN RECENT YEARS,MUCH ATTENTION HAS BEEN PAIDTO VOLTAGE INSTABILITY IN ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS IN JAPAN. CRIEPI HAS ALREADY CLARIFIED THE FUNDAMENTAL MECHANISM AND DOMINANT FACTORS CAUSING THIS PHENOMENON BY THEORETICAL STUDIES AND DIGITAL ANALYSIS. HOWEVER,IT IS NOT EASY TO COME TO COMMON AGREEMENT AMONG UTILITY ENGINEERS USING JUST A THEORETICALLY-BASED GUIDE FOR SUCH A NEW PHENOMENON. THIS REPORT PRESENTS THE BASIC MECHANISM OF THE PHENOMENON AND THE EFFECTS OF SEVERAL COUNTERMEASURES TO VOLTAGE COLLAPSE THAT HAVE BEEN DETERMINED FROM EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES USING CRIEPI S POWER SYSTEM SIMULATOR WHICH SIMULATES REAL POWER SYSTEMS USING 100-KVA BASED MINIATURE COMPONENTS. THE MAIN RESULTS ARE AS FOLLOWS: (1)TO SIMULATE AN ON-LOAD TAP CHANGER WHOSE BEHAVIOR IS REGARDED TO BE THE DOMINANT DYNAMIC FACTOR IN VOLTAGE INSTABILITY,TWO INDUCTION VOLTAGE REGULATORS AND THEIR CONTROL SYSTEMS WERE DESIGNED AND INSTALLED IN THE POWER SYSTEM SIMULATOR. (2)IT HAS BEEN CLARIFIED THAT SHUNT CAPACITORS CAN RECOVER THE BUS VOLTAGE DROP FOR A LOAD DEMAND INCREASE UNTIL THE BUS VOLTAGES START TO DECREASE LIKE A SNOWSLIDE THROUGH THE CASCADING ACTION OF THE ON-LOAD TAP CHANGER WHEN THE LOAD DEMAND GOES BEYOND ITS CRITICAL VALUE. (3)HIGH-SPEED CONNECTION OF SHUNT CAPACITORS IS USUALLY EFFECTIVE FOR MAINTAINING VOLTAGES WITHIN THE STABLE AREA EVEN FOR A SEVERE TRANSMISSION ACCIDENT,BUT CAUTION MUST BE PAID TO OVERVOLTAGES WHEN RECLOSING THE TRANSMISSION LINE. ON THE OTHER HAND,THE BUS VOLTAGE CHANGE CAN BE MADE MUCH SMOOTHER IF A STATIC VAR COMPENSATOR IS INSTALLED INSTEAD OF SHUNT CAPACITORS. IT WAS ALSO VERIFIED THAT LOAD SHEDDING IS HIGHLY EFFECTIVE FOR ACHIEVING VOLTAGESTABILITY BUT MUCH MORE ATTENTION MUST BE PAID TO QUANTITY,PLACE AND TIMING.

報告者

キーワード