報告書番号

EY92003

タイトル（和文）

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ENERGY INTENSITY BETWEEN USA AND JAPAN

タイトル（英文）

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ENERGY INTENSITY BETWEEN USA AND JAPAN

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

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概要 （英文）

AMIDST GROWING CONCEM ABOUT GLOBAL WARMING,ENERGY CONSERVATION IS RECOGNIZED AS A COST-EFFECTIVE WAY TO REDUCE CARBON-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS. THE USA HAS A LARGE POTENTIAL FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION BASED ON A COMPARISON OF ENERGY INTENSITY. ENERGY INTENSITY IS COMMONLY MEASURED BY TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY REQUIREMENT (TPER) PER GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP). THE ENERGY INTENSITY OF THE USA HAS BEEN ABOUT 1.7TIMES THAT OF JAPAN SINCE 1983. HOWEVER,THIS NUMBER DOES NOT REFLECT THE TRUE DIFFERENCES IN THE EFFICIENCIES OF ENERGY-CONSUMING TECHNOLOGIES. THE CONTRIBUTION OF NON-TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS SUCH AS CLIMATE,POPULATION DENSITY,LIFE STYLES,OR INDUSTRY MIX MUST BE CONSIDERED. THIS STUDYANALYZES THE STRUCTURE OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN THE USA AND JAPAN,AND THE CONTRIBUTION OF NON-TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS TO THE DIFFERENCE IN ENERGY INTENSITY. AS A RESULT THIS QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS,IT WAS FOUND THAT ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN JAPAN IS SUPERIOR TO THAT IN THE USA,EVEN IF THE CONTRIBUTION OF NON-TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS IS REMOVED. THE ADJUSTED TPER/GDP RATIO IN JAPAN WAS ABOUT 74% OF THAT IN THE USA IN 1989. NON-TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS CONTRIBUTE TO ABOUT 41% OF THIS DIFFERENCE WITH THE TRANSPORTATION SECTOR COMPRISING QUANTITATIVELY THE LARGEST SHARE IN THE NON-TECHNOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES. THERE IS LARGE POTENTIAL FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION BY TECHNOLOGICAL RENOVATION IN THE USA MANUFACTURING SECTOR. ONTHE OTHER HAND,DIFFERENCES IN LIFE STYLES AND LIVING STANDARDS CAUSE HIGHER ENERGY USE IN THE USA RESIDENTIAL SECTOR AND IT IS DIFFICULT TO REDUCE THE GAP BETWEEN THE USA AND JAPAN. A NEW STANDARD FOR MEASURING NATIONAL ENERGY INTENSITY IS PROPOSED. CONSIDERING THE PRODUCTION ASPECTGDP,ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN THE RESIDENTIAL SECTOR AND PRIVATE TRANSPORTATION SECTOR IS EXCLUDED. BASED ON THIS STANDARD,THE ADJUSTED TPER/GDP RATIO IN JAPAN IS ABOUT 81% OF THAT IN THE USA. IN OTHER WORDS,THE LOWER EFFICIENCY OF ENERGY-CONSUMING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE USA RESULTS IN ABOUT 19% MORE ENERGY CONSUMPTION THAN

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