報告書番号

584001

タイトル（和文）

生産性の計測と国際比較の方法

タイトル（英文）

METHODS OF TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT AND INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

本報告書は，電気事業の生産性の国際比較に関する実証研究のための方法論をとりまとめ，これに基づいた試論的実証分析を併載したものである。後者は過去十余年のわが国電気事業の総合生産性の計測と，その説明要因の解明を目的としているが，今回の作業で諸反省点とともに分析枠組の有効性が確認できた。

概要 （英文）

THIS REPORT WAS WRITTEN FOR PROVIDING AN ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK FOR INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON OF PRODUCTION EFFICIENCYIN THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY. A NUMBER OF APPROACHES TO THE MEASUREMENT OF ELECTRIC UTILITY EFFICIENCY ARE PRESENTLY UNDER DEVELOPMENT.AS IT IS VERY DIFFICULT AT THIS STAGE TO MEASURE MANAGERIAL EFFICIENCY,WE RESTRICT OUR STUDY TO MEASUREMENT OF PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY WHICH IS THOUGHT TO CONSTITUTE A LARGE PART OF MANAGERIAL EFFICENCY.COMPARISONS OF PRODUCTIVITY OVER TIME ARE OFTEN BASED ON INDEX-NUMBER PROCEDURES.RECENTDEVELOPMENTS IN ECONOMIC THEORY HAVE IMPROVED OUR KNOWLEDGE ABOUT WHICH INDEX-NUMBER PROCEDURES ARE MOST ATTRACTIVE FOR MAKING PRODUCTIVITY COMPARISONS.AMONG OTHERS CAVES,CHRISTENSEN AND DIEWERT HAVE PROPOSED A PROCEDURE FOR MAKING PRODUCTIVITY COMPARISONS AMONG A CROSS SECTION OR WITHIN A COMBINED TIME SERIES AND CROSS SECTION OF FIRMS.THE METHODOLOGYTHEY DEVELOPED IN USED IN OUR STUDY TO PROVIDE ESTIMATES OF THE RELATIVE LEVELS OF TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY(TFP)FOR THE 9 ELECTRIC POWER COMPANIES DURING THE 16-YEAR PERIOD 1964-1980. (OUR FINAL PURPOSE IS TO MAKE INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS OF TFP.BUT BECAUSE OF DATA LACKING,WE RESTRICT OUR STUDY TO THE 9 JAPANESE UTILITIES AT THIS STAGE.) FOLLOWING CAVES ET AL.,THE FOLLOWING FORMULA HAS BEEN APPLID TO JAPANESE UTILITIES DATA(TABLE 1).TECHNICALLY SPEAKING,THIS FORMULA FOR MULTILATERAL COMPARISONS CAN ACHIEVE TRANSITIVITY AND CHARACTERISTICITY SIMULTANEOUSLY.

報告者

キーワード