報告書番号

485031

タイトル（和文）

高能率野菜生産技術の開発第１報基礎実験設備の性能とホウレンソウの試験栽培

タイトル（英文）

DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH PRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR VEGETABLES (1)PERFORMANCE OF A TEST PLANT AND EXPERIMENTS OF SPIMACH CULTIVATION

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

施設園芸の生産性の飛躍的向上と深夜電力需要の開拓を目的として，自然光と人工光を併用する新しい野菜工場の基礎実験設備を１９８５年４月に設置した。主な結果はつぎのとおりである。１）栽培室の構造は自然光の調節と空調負荷を低減するために当所で開発したペレットハウス構造とした。２）補光用としてメタルハライドランプ（ＢＯＣ）と高圧ナトリウムランプを設備した。３）冷暖房のために深夜電力を利用して氷蓄熱および冷凍機の排熱を利用できるようにした。４）自然光を利用する野菜工場の空調容量の設計資料が得られた。またホウレンソウの栽培実験を行い，比較的栽培しにくい夏期において通常栽培の６～７倍の収量（１０ｋｇ／平方ｍ）が得られ，栽培期間は１／２～１／３（２５日）に短縮できることが明らかになった。

概要 （英文）

JAPANESE AGRICULTURE IS FACED WITH SUCH DIFFICULT SITUATIONS AS THE POPULATION ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE AND THE FARMLAND ARE ON THE DECREASE.THEREFORE,IT S EXPECTED TO ESTABLISH TECHNOLOGIES FOR RAPID IMPROVEMENT OF THE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY.ON THE OTHER HAND,FOR JAPANESE ELECTRIC INDUSTRY,IT IS IMPORTANT TO IMPROVE THE LOADFACTOR OF THE POWER PLANTS BY ENLARGING NEW DEMANDS FOR OFF-PEAK ELECTRICITY SO AS TO RESTRAIN THE SUPPLY COST.FROM THESE SITUATIONS,A PROJECT,WHICH WILL BE ACCOMPLISHED BY1988,WAS STARTED TO DEVELOP A PRACTICAL VEGETABLE PRODUCTION SYSTEM WITH ENHANCED PRODUCTIVITY AND ENSURED SUFFICIENT ECONOMY(CALLED VEGETABLE FACTORY)BY UTILIZING THE OFF-PEAK ELECTRICITY.VEGETABLE FACTORIES,DEVELOPED UP TO NOW,USE ONLY ARTIFICIAL LIGHTS,CULTIVABLE VEGETABLES IN THESE SYSTEM ARE,HOWEVER,LIMITED BY THE REASON OF WEAK LIGHTING CONDITIONS.TO ENLARGE THE COUTIVABLE VEGETABLES,A TEST PLANT WHICH USES SUNLIGHT FOR VEGETABLES GROWING AND OFF-PEAK ELECTRICITY FOR AIR CONDITIONING WAS DEVELOPED IN APRIL1985.1)THE GREENHOUSE FOR VEGETABLE CULTIVATION IS COVERED WITH GLASS AND PLASTIC FILM.TO SAVE ENERGY FOR THE AIR CONDITIONING AND TO CONTROL THE DAYLENGTH,THE SPACE BETWEEN COVERS(8CM)IS FILLED UP WITH GRAINS OF STYROFOAM BY BLOWING.2)METAL HALIDE LAMPS AND HIGH PRESSURE SODIUM LAMPS ARE INSTALLED INTOTHE GREENHOUSE TO COMPLEMENT SUNLIGHT.3)TO UTILIZE THE OFF-PEAK ELECTRICITY FOR THE AIR CONDITIONG HEAT SOURCES INSIDE THE GREENHOUSE,FREEZERCOMPARTMENTS ARE OPERATED DURING THE OFF-PEAK TIME AND MAKE ICE IN A ICE RESERVOIR FOR COOLING AND THE EXHAUST HEAT FROM THE FREEZER COMPARTMENTS IS STORED IN A TANK FOR HEATING SIMULTANEOUSLY.4)VEGETABLES ARE CULTIVATED BY USING A HYDROPONIC SYSTEM.THE DATA FOR DESIGNING THE AIR CONDITIONING FACILITIES OF A PRACTICAL VEGETABLE FACTORY WHICH USES SUNLIGHT WERE OBTAINED BY OPERATING THIS PLANT.FOUR EXPERIMENTS OF SPINACH CULTIVATION BY USING SEVERAL KINDS WERE MADE TO CLARIFY THE GROWING PROCESSES AND THE CAPABILITIES OF THE YIELD

報告者

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