報告書番号

482008

タイトル（和文）

低濃度複合大気汚染の植物に及ぼす影響に関する研究２．水稲の生育，収量に及ぼすＳＯ２とＯ３の長期接触の影響

タイトル（英文）

STUDIES ON THE COMBINED EFFECT OF LOW LEVELSAIR POLLUTANTS ON PLANTS (2) -EFFECT OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO SULFUR DIOXIDE AND/OR OZONE ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF RICE-

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

本研究は５３年から５６年にかけて，亜硫酸ガスとオゾンを０．０４ｐｐｍという濃度で単独または複合ガスを水稲の生育全期間にわたって接触させ，水稲の生育・収量におよぼす影響を調査し，また施肥レベルを変えて低収量の時と高収量の時における汚染物質の影響発現の仕方について検討する目的で行った。１．５３年から５６年の各年度では，亜硫酸ガスとオゾン単独接触による生育収量への影響は年度毎に変動しており明確でなかったが，複合ガス接触では各年度とも有意な生育収量の減少が認められた。２．低収量時の複合ガスの影響は相加的であったが，高収量の時では相乗的効果が認められた。３．複合ガス接触による収量減の原因は，登熟歩合，穂数，玄米千粒重の低下によるものであった。

概要 （英文）

THE EFFECT OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO 0.04PPM SULFUR DIOXIDE(24-HR/DAY)AND 0.04 PPM OZONE(10-HR/DAY,0700 TO 1700 HRS),INDIVIDUALLY AND IN COMBINATION,ON THE GROWTH AND GRAIN YIELD OF RICE WAS EXAMINED USING A CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT GREENHOUSE DURING 4 YEARS. SEEDLINGS OF RICE PLANT WERE TRANSPLANTED TO THE SOIL CONTAINER(2.5X2.5X1.2M)IN THE CHAMBER(5.0X4.5X3.7M).DURATION OF GAS EXPOSURE WAS FROM A WEEK AFTER TRANSPLANTING TO A WEEK BEFORE REAPING. EACH OF THE THREE TREATMENTS(SULFUR DIOXIDE,OZONE AND SULFER DIOXIDE+OZONE)CAUSED SIGNIFICANTREDUCTION IN SHOOT WEIGHT.THE EFFECT OF THE TWO GASES IN COMBINATION ON SHOOT WEIGHT WAS SYNERGISTIC(GREATER THAN ADDITIVE).THE COMBINED SULFUR DIOXIDE+OZONE TREATMENT CAUSED SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION IN GRAIN YIELD BUT SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS WERE NOT DETECTED IN THE SULFUR DIOXIDE AND OZONE TREATMENTS.ANALYSIS OF YIELD COMPONENTS SHOWED THAT YIELD REDUCTION CAUSED BY THE SULFUR DIOXIDE+OZONE TREATMENT CAN BE ATTRIBUTED TO A DECREASE IN THE NUMBER OF EAR,PERCENTAGE OF RIPENED GRAINS,AND GRAIN WEIGHT.SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF TWO GASES WAS DETECTED IN THE REDUCTION OF PERCENTAGE OF RIPENED GRAINS AND GRAIN WEIGHT. IN THE CASE OF LOW YIELD LEVEL,YIELD REDUCTION BY THE SULFUR DIOXIDE AND OZONE TREATMENTS WERE SIGNIFICANT AND THE EFFECT OF THE TWO GASES IN COMBINATION ON YIELD WAS ADDITIVE.WHILE,IN THE CASE OF RELATIVELY HIGH YIELD LEVEL,YIELD REDUCTION BY THE SULFUR DIOXIDE AND OZONE TREATMENTS WERE NOT SIGNIFICANT AND THECOMBINED EFFECT OF TWO GASES ON YIELD WAS SYNERGISTIC.

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