報告書番号

480013

タイトル（和文）

水蓄熱式太陽熱暖房温室に関する研究－試作した水蓄熱システムの性能－

タイトル（英文）

STUDIES ON THE GREENHOUSE HEATING WITH SOLARENERGY USING WATER AS THE STORAGE MEDIUM -PERFORMANCE TESTS OF THE DEMONSTRATION SYSTEM-

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

太陽熱を温室の暖房熱源として有効利用し，石油・電力の省エネルギー技術を確立するため，低温水と空気との効率的な熱交換器の開発を行った。小型温室に開発した熱交換器と水蓄熱システムを設備し，暖房能力，太陽熱集熱効率などに関する実験を行った。日積算日射量は，１平方メートル当り３７３０ｋｃａｌ，最高気温７，５度，最低気温－４，８度の気象条件下で，昼間の気温を２５度，夜間１２度に維持できた。

概要 （英文）

WE HAVE DESIGNED A SOLAR HEATED GREENHOUSE USING WATER AS THE STORAGE MEDIUM.IT WAS FOUND THAT GREENHOUSE ALONE WASNOT SUFFICIENT TO COLLECT ENERGY TO MAINTAIN NIGHT TEMPERATURES OF 10 C DEGREE DURING DECEMBER AND JANUARY.FLAT-PLATE HOTWATER SOLAR COLLECTORS WERE SET UP OUTSIDE THE GREENHOUSE TO PROVIDE 100% SUBSTITUTION FOR FOSSIL FUEL FOR GREENHOUSE HEATING DURING SUNNY PERIODS. AN AIR-WATER HEAT EXCHANGER CONSISTING OF TWO LAYERS OF PLASTIC FILM SANDWICHED TO FORM THE HEAT EXCHANGER SURFACE WAS USED.WATER FLOWS BETWEEN THE TWO PLASTIC LAYERS AND AIR IS BLOWN OVER THE OUTSIDE SURFACES OF THE PLASTIC SANDWICH IN ANCOUNTER CURRENT STREAM. BASED ON THE RESULTS OF THE THEORETICAL ANALYSIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE HEAT EXCHANGER, THE SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM AND A GREENHOUSE(9M BY 3.6M,GLASS-GLAZED WITH VINYL INNER CURTAIN) WAS CONSTRUCTED.THE STORAGE SYSTEM WAS A 3.6 CUBIC M INSULATED CONCRETE PIT OUTSIDE THE GREENHOUSE THAT WAS FILLED WITH WATER.THE EXTERNAL SOLAR COLLECTOR HAD 5.4 SQUARE M OF EFFECTIVE COLLECTION AREA AND 0.6 CUBIC M OF WATER STORAGE CAPACITY.IT WAS TITLED AT 45 DEGREES FROM HORIZONTAL AND FACED DUESOUTH.THE SYSTEM WAS OPERATED AS FOLLOWS:IN THE MORNING,0.6 CUBIC M OF WATER WAS PUMPED UP INTO THE SOLAR COLLECTOR WHILE THE 3.0 CUBIC M REMAINING IN THE PIT WAS CIRCULATED THROUGH THE HEAT EXCHANGE. THUS,THE COLLECTOR AND THE GREENHOUSE WERE BOTH USED TO COLLECT SOLAR ENERGY.IN THE EVENING,HOT WASTER IN THE COOLECCTOR WAS RETURNED TO THE PIT AND THE GREENHOUSE WAS THEN HEATED BY CIRCULATING THE 3.6 CUBIC M OF HEATED WATER IN THE PIT THROUGH THE HEAT EXCHANGER. ON THE COLDEST DAY DURING THE TEST,FEB.17,THE SYSTEM WAS ABLE TO PROVIDE SUFFICIENT HEAT TO MAINTAIN THE GREENHOUSE TEMPERATURE AT 11.5C DEGREE WHEN THE AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE WAS -4.8C DEGREE.

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